Physical impairments can significantly influence an individual’s daily life, impacting their endurance, mobility, and overall physical capabilities. These conditions may arise from various factors such as illness, genetics, or injury, resulting in temporary, long-term, or permanent disabilities.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), one in four Americans has a disability affecting major daily activities, with movement-related disabilities being the most common. Here is a summary of the three main physical disabilities, accompanied by a conversation about disability benefits and compensation alternatives.

• Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Conditions

Arthritis, marked by joint tenderness and inflammation, is the leading cause of disability among U.S. adults, affecting one in seven individuals. The condition includes various types like osteoarthritis, septic arthritis, juvenile arthritis, gout, rheumatoid arthritis, and others, leading to pain, stiffness, swelling, and limited range of motion. Occupational musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), such as carpal tunnel syndrome, tendon strains, and herniated discs, additionally contribute to disability, affecting both movement and daily activities.

• Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common childhood disability, affecting muscle coordination and movement due to damage to the developing brain. CP manifests in four main types: spastic, ataxic, mixed, and dyskinetic, causing stiffness, jerky movements, balance and coordination issues, and uncontrollable movements. This lifelong condition significantly affects life skills, necessitating adaptive measures for daily activities.

• Spinal Injuries and Conditions

Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) result from damage to the spinal cord, leading to the loss of feeling, movement, or other functions, either complete or incomplete below the injury site. Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) can result from either diseases or trauma, posing challenges in adjusting to newfound physical limitations and navigating a frequently inaccessible environment. People with SCIs may find it necessary to use assistive devices such as wheelchairs, affecting both mobility and day-to-day life.

What qualifies as a physical disability?

The Social Security Administration (SSA) defines disability as the incapacity to participate in significant gainful activity (SGA) due to medically determinable physical or mental impairments anticipated to endure for a minimum of 12 months or lead to death.